Costa Favolosa: PTP - PTP - PTP08A05

     The first inhabitants of St Lucia were Arawak Indians, probably taking refuge from the aggressive attentions of the Caribs in 200AD. Evidence of their presence can be found on the coast and inland. Christopher Columbus supposedly landed on the island in 1502, although his visit has been disputed by historians. How the island came to be named St Lucia is somewhat of a riddle.
     The sailor Juan De La Cosa, who had travelled with Columbus in 1502, told how he returned to the island in 1504. He discovered that although he had previously named the island El Falcon, it had mysteriously been renamed St Lucia.
     The history of the island during the following hundred years is scarce, until 1605, when an English ship carrying a group of aristocrats landed after being blown off course. Their attempt at colonisation failed disastrously and most were killed by the island's native Indians. Another English attempt in 1639, led by Sir Thomas Warner, met the same fate. Then, in 1651, it was the turn of the French to try and take possession. Thus the see-saw position continued for the next 150 years as the French and British battled for dominance.
     The British were finally victorious in 1814. Villages such as Soufrière began a period of considerable development, becoming fairly prosperous towns, while slavery ensured that the plantations brought the colonists substantial riches. After the abolition of slavery on the island in 1834, conflict between the French and British persisted, along with devastating typhoons and fires, particularly affecting Soufrière and Castries. From 1863, the British began to develop coaling stations on the island, with Castries becoming one of the main stations in the Caribbean, further enhanced by the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914. Demands for independence gradually gained favour, and came to fruition in 1979. The local culture of the island is creole and the population speak both English and a French-sounding patois. The tropical landscape is dominated by the twin volcanic peaks of the Pitons and the coastline is blessed with some glorious beaches.
     In recent years the island has produced two Nobel Prize Winners; Arthur Lewis in 1979 for Economics and Derek Walcot in 1992 for Literature.

     St Kitts and its sister island Nevis comprise a tiny nation with a unique history. St Kitts - on which Basseterre is the main town - is the popular derivation of St Christopher, the name given to the island by Christopher Columbus in 1493. Its inhabitants are called "Kittitians". Nevis gets its name from the Spanish word for snow in description of a curtain of white clouds that at one time supposedly always covered the top of the mountain that dominates the island. In 1623, the two islands became a British colony.
     The islands maintain a close link to their English heritage, although throughout their modern history the English dominance has been regularly challenged, particularly by the French and Spanish eager to control the islands' considerable sugar cane crop. Nevis in particular attracted much commercial interest - and rivalry - as well as considerable piracy. Many of the islands' 45,000 inhabitants can trace their ancestors to the African slave trade of the 17th Century.
     The symbol of contemporary culture on the islands is a carnival, which starts of Christmas Eve and embraces the entire population - and visitors - in a joyous celebration. The St. Kitts Music Festival is also very popular, attracting musicians from all over the Caribbean. The islands, which are part of the British Commonwealth, became independent on September 19, 1983, and have since continued to attract thousands of visitors from around the world.

     In 1493, when Christopher Columbus first set foot on the white sand beaches of St Maarten, he declared: 'I was looking for the Indies and I found the Garden of Eden'. Named after a priest who lived on the island from 330AD-397AD, St Maarten has been historically influenced by the Dutch, English, French and Spanish.
     Today the island is shared by the Dutch in the south, who call it Sint Marteen and the French in the north, who refer to it as St Martin de Tours. But the first people to leave their mark on the island were Arawak Indians who were skilled farmers and developed a thriving community on St Maarten. In the 17th Century, the existence of salt pans soon attracted the attentions of the Spanish, later displaced by the Dutch and the French. The initial agreement between the Dutch and French to share the tiny island dates back to 1648, although it was broken many times and there were frequent skirmishes between the two sides, at times with British involvement.
     The Caribbean curse - piracy - befell St Maarten for some 150 years and stories still persist of as yet undiscovered treasure buried on the island or sunk with galleons. The more notorious pirates and buccaneers included John Hawkins, Francis Drake, Henry Morgan and William Dampier. The border between the Dutch and French sides of the island is marked by a monument between Union Road and Bellevue. Each side of the island has splendid beaches and the crystal clear waters offer excellent bathing and numerous watersports. The tiny port of Philipsburg extends along a sandbank between the sea and a reclaimed salt pond.

     The verdant, undulating island of Antigua is the largest of the Leeward Islands, and is blessed with some of the most beautiful beaches in the Caribbean. The island has a long association with Britain, having only gained independence in 1981. One of the island's most picturesque spots is English Harbour, where a fortress was erected, at Shirley Heights, to protect Antigua's commerce.
     Within the harbour is Nelson's Dockyard, with a monument dedicated to the English Admiral Horatio, who was based on the island for three years in the 18th Century. The Dockyard fell into disrepair on being abandoned by the Navy at the end of the 19th Century but was reopened in 1961 after 20 years of restoration work. The waters around the Dockyard and the Harbour are now filled with splendid yachts making their way to and from Antigua. The capital of St John's was during the 18th Century the principal British military stronghold in the area. Today it is a thriving Caribbean town, where nearly half of all Antiguans live.
     The Museum of Antigua and Barbuda in St John's features extensive exhibits of Indian arts and crafts - and even has signs that say 'please touch' - plus colonial and Antiguan artefacts, and fossils dating back 35 million years. The first known settlements on Antigua were established in around 2400BC by Siboney Indians, devoted to farming, followed by the Arawaks. Substantial European settlement began in the 17th Century when British entrepreneur Sir Christopher Codrington introduced large-scale production of sugar cane. This brought great prosperity to the island for some 100 years, and a large population of African slaves were brought to Antigua to work the sugar cane plantations. Hence the majority of Antiguans are of African descent.
     Several farms, hotels and restaurants on the island are located on the sites of former plantations.

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Fort-de-France, the capital of the Caribbean island of Martinique, is the perfect destination for those who want to experience authentic Caribbean charm combined with modern urban life.

Fort-de-France has a rich history, and today it is a lively hub that reflects French colonial elegance mixed with African and Caribbean influences. Here, you feel as if you are walking through history – narrow streets, colorful shops, local cafes, and museums make Fort-de-France a true cultural gem.

Must-see attractions include Fort Saint-Louis – a historic 17th-century fortress that offers an incredible view of the entire bay, Cathedrale Saint-Louis de Fort-de-France, and the Jardin de Balata, a botanical garden that is an ideal place to escape the hustle and bustle of the city. Surrounded by natural beauty, the city is also a perfect starting point for exploring the stunning Caribbean beaches, such as those in areas like Anse Mitan and La Baie des Flamands.

Fort-de-France is also a gastronomic paradise. The city offers a wealth of flavors – from fresh seafood to various local specialties like colombo (Caribbean curry) and accras (fried fish balls).

Water sports: Fort-de-France and its surroundings provide excellent conditions for sailing, snorkeling, and diving. Martinique is of volcanic origin, and Mount Pelée is a popular destination for hikers and nature lovers.

Nestled along the coastline under the tropical sky, Fort-de-France offers an unforgettable experience that blends history, culture, and natural beauty, all set in a charming, romantic atmosphere.

     The beautiful island of Guadeloupe is part of the French Antilles and is geologically two islands joined together, Grande Terre and Basse Terre. Point a Pitre is on Grande Terre and is Guadeloupe's largest commercial centre. When Christopher Columbus landed on the southern coast of Basse Terre in 1493 he baptised the beach Santa Maria, and the island Santa Maria de Guadeloupe de Estremadura, subsequently changed to Guadeloupe.
     First Spanish settlers, and then French, developed sugar cane production on the islands, which also became centres of the slave trade. Eventually, with the initial help of French revolutionary Victor Hugues and later Victor Schoelcher, the slaves of Guadeloupe were freed. The island is still French territory, administered by a governor appointed by the Paris Ministry of the Interior. The two halves of Guadeloupe are quite different in character.
     Grande Terre has a gentler landscape, but is the more lively side, with Pointe a Pitre market, narrow alleyways, picturesque villages and large sugar cane plantations. Basse Terre is more lush and mountainous. It also has one of the Caribbean's few national parks, complete with rivers, rainforest and the dominating presence of the 1,467-metre high Soufrière volcano. The hot springs of Soufrière Park are masterpieces of nature. Both sides of the island have some excellent beaches.
     The lifestyle of Guadeloupe is simple and relaxed. A substantial number of the island's villagers still barter for their goods and services rather than use money. And although tourism has flourished, the local economy is still largely based on agriculture. Island attractions include a museum dedicated to local poet, St. John Perse, awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1960, the Schoelcher Museum, dedicated to the slavery abolitionist, and the beach resort of Gosier, one of the most bustling tourist centres in the Lesser Antilles.